Religion and Social Change Pt 3

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How do Marxists see religion as having relative autonomy?
It can be partly independent of society’s economic base and is sometimes a force of change
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Engles described religion as having what?
A dual character
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Who describes religion as ‘the principle of hope’?
Ernest Bloch
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What is Liberation theology?
A movement that emerged within the Catholic Church in Latin America at the end of the 1960s, with a strong commitment to the poor and opposition to military dictatorship
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What three factors led to liberation theology?
Deepening rural poverty; human rights abuse following military take-overs; and a growing commitment among Catholic priests to the poor
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How has the success of liberation theology influenced Neo-Marxist views?
It led them to question whether religion is always a conservative force
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What do Maduro and Lowy see liberation theology as?
An example of religiously inspired social change
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How does Lehmann contrast liberation theology and Pentecostalism?
Liberation theology is an ‘option for the poor’ while Pentecostalism is an ‘option of the poor’
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Worsley sees Millenarian movements as expecting what?
The total and imminent transformation of this world by supernatural means to create heaven on earth
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Who do millenarian movements appeal to?
The poor, often in colonial situations
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What does Gramsci mean by hegemony?
Ideological domination or leadership of society
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Why is hegemony never guaranteed?
Because it is always possible the working class will develop an alternative vision about how society should be organised
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What did Billings study and apply Gramsci’s ideas to?
He looked into two communities in the 1920s and 30s; one coalminers, the other textile workers
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What were the three ways Billings identified in which religion could either support or challenge hegemony?
Providing leadership, places to hold meetings and organise, and support
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Engles described religion as having what?

Back

A dual character

Card 3

Front

Who describes religion as ‘the principle of hope’?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is Liberation theology?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What three factors led to liberation theology?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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