Schizophrenia

A severe mental illness where contact with reality and insight are impaired, an example of psychosis.

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Classification of Mental Disorder

The process of organising symptoms into categories based on which symptoms cluster together in sufferers.

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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Atypical symptoms experienced in addition to normal experiences. They include hallucinations and delusions.

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Hallucinations

A positive symptom of Schizophrenia. They are sensory experiences of stimuli that have either no basis of reality or are distorted perceptions of things that are there.

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Delusions

A positive symptom of Schizophrenia. They involve beliefs that have no basis in reality, for example, that the sufferer is someone else or that they are a victim of a conspiracy.

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Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Atypical experiences that present loss of usual experience such as clear thinking or 'normal' levels of motivation.

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Speech Poverty

A negative symptom of Schizophrenia. It involves reduced frequency and quality of speech.

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Avolition

A negative symptom of Schizophrenia. It involves loss of motivation to carry out tasks and results in lowered activity levels.

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Co-Morbidity

The occurrence of two illness or conditions together, for example schizophrenia and depression. When two conditions are frequently diagnosed together, it calls into question about the validity of classifying the two disorders separately.

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Symptom Overlap

Occurs when two or more conditions share symptoms.

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Genetics

Genes consist of DNA strands. It has been noted for many years that schizophrenia runs in families.

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Dopamine

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is important in the functioning of the several brain systems that may be implicated in the symptoms of schizophrenia.

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Neural Correlates

Patterns of structure of activity in the brain that occur in conjunction with an experience, in this case schizophrenia.

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Schizophrenia

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