SEM 2: Thorax II

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1. what structures are found in the left ventricle

  • coronary sinus, left auricle, fossa ovalae
  • coronary sinus, left auricle, Cristae terminalis, fossa ovalae
  • trabecular carnae, papillary muscles, chordae tendae
  • musculi pectinate
  • trabecular carnae, papillary muscles, moderator band
  • coronary sinus, right auricle, Cristae terminalis, fossa ovalae, musculi pectinate
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2. what are the surfaces of the lungs

  • anterior, inferior and lateral
  • lateral, diaphragmatic and anterior
  • mediastinal, inferior and posterior
  • mediastinal, diaphragmatic and costal
  • anterior, inferior and posterior
  • lateral, diaphragmatic and costal

3. what are the boundaries of the posterior mediastinum

  • sup: superior thoracic apature, inf: continuous with inferior mediastinum at the level of the sternal angle, ant. manubrium, post. vertebral bodies T1-T4, lat: pleura of lungs
  • sup: the level of the sternal angle and T4 vertebral body, inf: superior diaphragm, ant. anterior margin of pericardium, post. posterior margin of pericardium , lat: mediastinal pleura
  • sup: the level of the sternal angle and T4 vertebral body, inf: diaphragm, ant. pericardium, post. T5-T12 , lat: mediastinal pleura
  • sup:continuous with the superior mediastinum at the level of the sternal angle , inf: diaphragm, ant. sternal body, post. pericardium, lat: mediastinal pleura

4. what is the trachealis

  • anterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to rings of hyaline, allowing the oesophagus to bulge in swallowing
  • posterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to smooth muscle, allowing the oesophagus to bulge in swallowing
  • anterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to smooth muscle, allowing the oesophagus to bulge in swallowing
  • anterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to rings of hyaline, allowing air to be forcefully removed in active expiration
  • posterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to rings of hyaline, allowing the oesophagus to bulge in swallowing
  • posterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to smooth muscle, allowing air to be forcefully removed in active expiration
  • posterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to rings of hyaline, allowing air to be forcefully removed in active expiration
  • anterior free ends of the trachea that are connected to smooth muscle, allowing air to be forcefully removed in active expiration

5. why is the transverse sinus clinically relevant

  • allows surgeons to isolate the pulmonary trunk and aorta for clamping during coronary bypass grafting
  • allows surgeons access to the inside of the pericardium for repairing holes in the pericardium
  • allows surgeons access to the inside of the pericardium for repairing holes in the heart tissue
  • most likely place for a blood clot to form

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