Education: Topic 1

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  • Created by: Ashley2K
  • Created on: 18-05-17 18:26
Which class tend to perform better at GCSE?
The middle class.
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What percent of the population do private school children make up and how many of them account for entering elite universities?
Private school pupils make up 7% of the population, yet make up about half of the students entering elite universities.
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What are internal factors?
Internal factors are factors within schools and the education system that explain class differences in achievement.
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What are external factors?
External factors are the factors outside of the education system that explain class differences in achievement.
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What are the three main aspects of cultural deprivation?
1. Language 2. Parents' education 3. Working-class subculture.
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What did Hubbs-Tait et al find in regards to the language parents use?
They found that when parents use language that challenges their children to evaluate their own understanding or abilities cognitive performance improves.
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What is the restricted code?
Usually used by the working class, it has limited vocabulary and is based on the use of short, often unfinished, grammatically simple sentences.
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What is the elaborate code?
Usually used by the middle and upper classes, it has a wider vocabulary and is based on longer, more grammatically complex sentences.
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What does Leon Feinstein suggest is the most important factor affecting children's achievement?
He argues that parents' own education is the most important factor and since middle-class parents tend to be better educated, they are able to give their children an advantage.
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How can parenting style benefit a child's chances of academic success?
They have high expectations of their children and consistent discipline, encouraging active learning and exploration.
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How can parents' educational behaviors benefit a child's chances of academic success?
They can read to their children, teach them letters, help with homework, paint and draw with them and be actively involved in their schooling. They may also see the value in educational activities such as visits to museums and libraries.
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What did Bernstein and Young find in 1967 in regards to middle class mothers use of income?
They found that middle-class mothers are more likely to buy educational toys, books and activities that encourage reasoning skills and stimulate intellectual development.
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What is compensatory education?
Compensatory education programmes aim to tackle the problem of cultural deprivation by providing extra resources to schools and communities in deprived areas.
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What is material deprivation?
The term material deprivation refers to poverty and a lack of material necessities such as adequate housing and income.
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What three examples suggest poverty is closely linked to educational underachievement?
1. Money problems in the family are a significant factor in younger children's non-attendance at school 2. Exclusion and truancy are more likely for children from poorer families 3. Nearly 90% of 'failing' schools are located in deprived areas.
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How can poor housing lower a child's chances of success?
1. Overcrowding can have a direct effect making it harder for a child to study 2. Lack of space for safe play and exploration can hinder development
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How can poor diet and health lower a child's chances of success?
Young people from homes that have a lower intake of energy, vitamins and minerals can result in more absences from school due to illness, and difficulties concentrating in class.
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What is the one of the main factors putting working-class children off the idea of university?
Many working class families have a fear of debt, and therefore are more likely not to attend university due to the expensive tuition fees.
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What are Bourdieu's three types of capital?
1. Cultural capital 2. Educational 3. Economic
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What is educational capital?
Where a parent converts their economic capital into educational capital by sending their children to private schools and paying for extra-tuition.
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Card 2

Front

What percent of the population do private school children make up and how many of them account for entering elite universities?

Back

Private school pupils make up 7% of the population, yet make up about half of the students entering elite universities.

Card 3

Front

What are internal factors?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are external factors?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the three main aspects of cultural deprivation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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