Motivation

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  • Created by: Georgekk8
  • Created on: 14-05-24 12:31
WHAT IS MOTIVATION?
IT IS THE DIRECTION (WETHER AN INDIVIDUAL SEEKS OR IS ATTRACTED TO SITUATIONS) AND INTENSITY (HOW MUCH EFFORT PUT INTO A SITUATION) OF EFFORT
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WHAT CAN MOTIVATE INDIVIDUALS?
Improving Skills, having fun, friends, success, developing fitness.
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PARTICIPANT/TRAIT-CENTRED VIEW
Motivated behaviour is primarily the function of individual characteristics (e.g. personality and beliefs)
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Interactional view
Motivated behaviour results from the interaction of participant factors and situational factors
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Situation-centred view
Motivated behaviour is primarily determined by the situation (e.g. coach style)
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What is achievement motivation?
A person’s orientation to strive for task success, persist in the face of failure, and experience pride in
accomplishment (GILL 2000)
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Need Achievement Theory (Atkinson, 1974; McClelland, 1961)
Interactional model considering personal and situational factors in influencing behaviour.

Personality Factor-Degree to which you are motivated to achieve success or avoid failure

Situational Factor- Is it likely you will be successful?
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Attribution Theory (Weiner, 1985)
After action is taken and the outcome is determined, people attempt to explain the outcome (i.e. their successes and failures)

Attributions are the perceived causes of events and outcomes.
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Attribution Theory (Weiner, 1985)
Basic attribution categories

• Stability – Duration of the cause (likely to change or stay the same)

• Locus of causality – Location of the cause (internal / external)

• Locus of control – Controllability (within or outside of one’s control)
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Achievement Goal Theory
(Dweck 1986, Nicholls, 1984,1989)
Perceptions of competence, as well as differences in goal perspectives are the critical antecedents to motivated behaviour
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Achievement Goal Theory
(Dweck 1986, Nicholls, 1984,1989)
Two central achievement goal perspectives

• Task Orientation: Focuses on comparing performance with
personal standards and personal improvement

• Ego Orientation: Focuses on comparing performance with others and demonstration of superior competence
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Influencing behaviour
Reinforcement and feedback are common techniques used to influence behaviour
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Reinforcement
Positive approach: Focus on rewarding appropriate behaviours to increase
likelihood of desirable behaviour in future

Negative approach: Focus on punishing undesirable behaviours to eliminate unwanted behaviour
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Positive reinforcement strartergies
Social, Material, Activity, Special outings
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Motivation types
-Intrinsic Motivation: Doing something because it is inherently interesting, enjoyable.

-Extrinsic Motivation: Controlled form of motivation exerted by external pressure or external reward.
-Amotivation- Not motivated.
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4 TYPES OF EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
-External regulation-Motivated by external forces (e.g. rewards, punishment)

-Introjected Regulation-Motivated by gains of social approval or avoidance of social disapproval
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4 TYPES OF EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
Identified Regulation- Motivated by personal values and priorities

Integrated Regulation- Motivated by acceptance of behaviour into one’s life
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Basic Psychological Needs- Intrinsic motivation
Autonomy: To feel we have control and personal choice

Relatedness: To feel connection to others (care for others and have them care for you)

Competence: To feel confidence and self-efficacious (ability to perform)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Improving Skills, having fun, friends, success, developing fitness.

Back

WHAT CAN MOTIVATE INDIVIDUALS?

Card 3

Front

Motivated behaviour is primarily the function of individual characteristics (e.g. personality and beliefs)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Motivated behaviour results from the interaction of participant factors and situational factors

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Motivated behaviour is primarily determined by the situation (e.g. coach style)

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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