Tohoku Earthquake

Date?

11th March 2011

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Plate Boundary?

North American and Eurasian

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Years of stress build up?

200

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Distance from Japan?

100km off the coast

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Plate tectonics in Japan

4 plate boundaries and has 25% of the worlds earthquakes

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Warning?

alerts sent automatically after P waves detection

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Impact of earthquake?

most buildings were still standing, 10m of soil liquefied causing lots of damage around Tokyo

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Japanese protection:

making buildings earthquake resistant, raising public awareness about disaster prevention, improve prediction, earthquake-resistanc standards, emergency supplies, evacuate routes, 'smart meters' to reduce the risk of fires after earthquakes

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Time taken for first tsunami wave?

20 minutes after the earthquake

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Speed?

800mph in open water

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Height at coast?

10m

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Height in Miyako?

40m due to funneling

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Kahoku?

8km inland, isolated mountain community flooded

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effectiveness of tsunami walls?

40% of Japan has tsunami walls of 10m but the earthquake caused the coastline to drop 1m so the tsunami walls offered little protection

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Dead?

15,000

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Injured?

27,00

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Buildings destroyed?

130,000

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Buildings damaged?

700,000

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Homes without power?

4.4 million

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Home without water?

1.5 million

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Overall cost?

$235 billion. Most expensive natural disaster

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Towns destroyed?

Offanatu, Sendai, Miyako, Minamisamriko

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Earthquake effect on Fukashima Daiichi nuclear plant?

knocked out the power supply, shut down reactors automatically when earthquake warning, back up generators cooled the reactors

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Tsunami effect?

flooded diesel generators, back up generators only had 8 hours charge, damaged from earthquake meant replacement batteries did not make it to Fukashima in time

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Overall effect?

3 nuclear meltdowns occurred and radioactive material released

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Get Revising

Tohoku Earthquake

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