What are the properties of the respiratory surface?
Thin, Permeable, Moist, Large surface area
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What to do the goblet cells do?
Secrete mucus and trap bacteria/dust/pollen
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What do the cillia do?
Sweep mucus to the larynx to be swallowed
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Why is mucus swallowed
Kills bacteria by acid in stomach
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Properties of alvelous surface
Extensive capillary network, thin, moist
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Why do multicellular organisms require a gas exchange surface?
small surface area:volume ratio, high metabollic rate so need lots of oxygen
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Why is a surfactant important?
Prevent alveloli sticking together, reduce surface tensions, reduce cohesive nature of the water moelcules
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Use of surfactants?
Premature babies
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Use of pleural fluid?
Lubricant for wall against thorax hence less friction
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Process of inspiration?
Intercostal mucles contract, ribs moves up and out and diaphragm flattens at the same time, pressue in lungs decrease and pressure of atmospheric air increases therefore oxygen moves into the lungs
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Process of expiration?
Intercostal muscles relax, ribs move in and down and diaphragm relaxes (curved), pressure in lungs increase and are higher than atmospheric pressure so air rushes out
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