A set of norms and values that are distinctve from older generations
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Youth Subculture
Groups of young people that, to some extent, share the values and orms of the wider society and of wider young people but also develop their own
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Spectacular Subcultures
Groups that incorporate rebellious behaviour designed to provoke and shock
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Examples of spectacular subcultures
Punks, teddy boys, skinheads
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Abercrombie 2000 and youth
Identified 3 distinguishing features whihc seperate youth culture from regular culture. 1) peer group 2) Hobbies/interests 3) style
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Aries 1962 and the creation of youth
Modern ideas of youth emerged in the 19th century-middle class expanded length of education
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Pearson 1983 and the creation of youth
Middle class were joined by working class who were reluctant to start work
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Factors leading to the creation of youth
Mass Media, Americanisation (rock and roll), globalisation, demographic chnages (baby boom), education changes (age)
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Marxism and youth subcultres
Gramsci- Hegemony is the ideological dominance or social authority that the ruling class has over the subordinate classes.
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Hall and Jefferosn 1976- wokring class youth are a weak point in the ruling class control; explains the extra control over youth by the Police.
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Youth subcultures are a resitnce to capitalism
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Marginalised: if you dont feel a part of society you're more likely to rebel
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Teddy Boys: excluded from society, mocked upper class through edwardian style clothes (Hall and Jfferson)
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Skinheads: exgaerate working class values (NIMBYism) (Cohen)
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Marxism and youth subcultures
Punks: resistence to the mass media-bricolage- (Hebdige)
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Evaluation of Marxism and youth subcultures
Cohen (interactionist): marx are biased, believed subcultures weren't clevel enough to realise they were mocking the upper class
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Evaluation of Marxism and youth subcultures
McRobbie (feminist): ignores female subcultures
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Neo-Marxism and youth subcultures
Brake 1984: subcultures are a form of resistence; convinces youth they're different and not like their parents (illsuion)
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Functionalism and youth subcultures
The function of youth is to reduce the gap between childhood and adulthood
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Functionalism and youth subcultures
Parsons 1962: youth is a 'rite of passage' into adulthood, a time to achieve own status and allows integration into society
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Functionalism and youth subcultures
Eisenstadt 1956: distinguish from parents
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Functionalism and youth subcultures
Rosak: age is the most important thing, creates a generation gap, interests, values, behaviours of youth replace divisions of class, gender and ethnicity
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Evaluation of Functionalism and youth subcultures
Views all youth as the same. Doesnt acknowledge subcultures.
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Postmodernism and youth subcultures
Identity isn't fixed, it constantly changes as the person wants it to.
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Postmodernism and youth subcultures
Fluidity: class,gender and ethnicity are no longer important
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Postmodernism and youth subcultures
Supermarket of style: choice and fusion of styles
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Postmodernism and youth subcultures
Neo-Tribes (Maffesoli)- More loosely organised grouping with no fixed membership or deep commitment
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Postmodernism and youth subcultures
bennett (2000)- image of drinking and sex isn't true for a majority of youth
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Evaluation of Postmodernism and youth subcultures
Absence of spectacular subcultures. Political motivation behind youth subcultures has been missed
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Feminism and youth subcultures
McRobbie (1976): the 'invisible girl', reflects their place in society of men overshadowing them
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Youth Culture
Back
A set of norms and values that are distinctve from older generations
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